Technical glossary

A line

RSL seismic isolation system

【How to read】

A seismic isolation system that combines rubber, steel, and lead. Since each device (member) can be arranged (free design is possible) according to the building, it is a highly reliable system that can extend the natural period.

isolator

[Reading] Aisorta

A member, device, mechanism, etc. for isolating vibration. It often refers to the seismic isolation laminated rubber that supports the building, but it can also represent the support member of the vibration isolation table and vibration equipment.

compression set

[How to read] Asshueikyu strain

Compression set is the permanent set due to thermal compression of a rubber material, and the smaller this value is, the higher the restoring force is when compressed for a long time. It can be evaluated by a test conforming to the JIS K 6262 standard.

SI units

[How to read] Esuaitan

In 1960, the International Committee for Weights and Measures determined "the International System of Units" as "one practical system of units that can be adopted by all countries," and is known worldwide as the SI. The International System of Units consists of 7 basic units, 2 auxiliary units, derived units built from them (these are called SI units), and 10 integral power multiples of them.

StFF

[How to read] Esteefef

Vibration suppression stage feed forward. Senses and controls random sprung stage motion.

FFKEAP control

[How to read] Efuefuki Puseigyo

When there is a repetitive excitation source such as a stage on a sprung mass, the KEAP control's disturbance estimation function and learning function are used to estimate the disturbance, and the feedforward control of the actuator according to the movement of the stage reduces the vibration on the sprung mass. A control method that cancels out

FFT

[How to read] Efufuti

FFT is an abbreviation for Fast Fourier Transform. By performing Fourier transform, it is possible to know (spectrum analysis) how the waveforms of sound and vibration are composed of waveforms with frequencies and amplitudes.

Response acceleration magnification

[How to read] Outo Kasokudo Bairitsu

The ratio of the floor acceleration of a seismically isolated building to the base acceleration.

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Ka line

Vibration source

[How to read] Kashingen

Items that cause vibration, such as pumps and motors.

acceleration

[Reading] Kasokudo

Amount of change in velocity per unit time.

audible sound

[How to read] Kachoon

Sound of a specific frequency that can be heard by the human ear (from 20Hz to around 15000 to 20000Hz, although there are individual differences).

vulcanization molding

[Reading] Karyusei Keii

Process unvulcanized rubber into a desired shape and heat and pressurize it for a certain period of time to make a vulcanized rubber body with elastic properties.

Conversion factor

[How to read] Kansan Keisu

A coefficient that is multiplied based on the hardness of 60 degrees in order to easily calculate the spring constant and allowable load of rubber products with arbitrary hardness.

inertial mass

[How to read] Kansei Shitsuryo

Accelerated motion occurs when an external force acts on a certain object, and the amount inherent to that object is obtained by external force/acceleration.

sound absorption

[How to read] Kyu-on

To absorb sound without reflecting it.

resonance

[How to read] Kyoshin

This refers to the state in which the excitation frequency and the natural frequency of the vibration-isolating material match, and the vibration transmissibility becomes infinite (in the case of zero damping).

Allowable load

[Reading] Kyokaju

The value of the maximum allowable load that does not cause breakage and can be used safely when the product is actually used for its intended purpose.

allowable deflection

[How to read] Kyoyo deflection

The maximum amount of deformation that can be tolerated so that the product can be safely used without breaking when it is actually used for its intended purpose.

airborne sound

[Reading] Kuuki Denpaon

Sound that travels only through air.

Attenuation

[How to read] Gensui

Decrease in kinetic energy. In the case of vibration, much of it is converted into heat energy.

rigid body

[How to read] goutai

A rigid object that does not deform at all.

hardness

[How to read] Kodo

hardness of the rubber surface. Measure with a hardness tester that satisfies the specifications stipulated in JIS K 6253. Also called "rubber hardness".

solid sound

[How to read] Kotaion

See solid-borne sound.

solid-borne sound

[Reading] Kotaidenpaon

A structure such as a building floor or wall is directly subjected to vibration or impact, and this vibration is transmitted through the structure (solid) as a medium, causing the air in contact with the structure to vibrate and produce sound. Also called "solid sound".

rubber hardness

[How to read] Gomukodo

See Hardness.

rubber compound

[How to read] gomuhai gou

The amount of polymer (raw rubber), plasticizer, and other chemicals added to raw rubber to satisfy the performance required for rubber products.

natural period

[Reading] Koyu Shuuki

Reciprocal of natural frequency. The time required for one round trip when an object freely vibrates.

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Sa line

Triaxial compression force

[How to read] Sanjiku Asshuryoku

In material mechanics, the maximum, intermediate, and minimum stresses in an object that are perpendicular to each other are generated, but all of them are compressive stresses. A stable state as if hydrostatic pressure were applied.

supporting load

[Reading] Shijikaju

It is the load supported by the anti-vibration rubber/equipment when it is installed on the equipment to be anti-vibration.

seismic wave

[Reading] Jishinwa

Waves traveling through the ground caused by an earthquake. There are P waves, S waves, surface waves, etc., depending on how the vibration is transmitted.

sound insulation

[How to read] Shaon

Do not allow sound to pass through.

stress concentration

[How to read] Ouryoku Shuchu

If the part has a simple shape such as a round bar or a square plate, uniform stress is applied to the inside of the part. However, if the part has grooves, holes, steps, etc., high stress is applied locally. This is called stress concentration.

Degree of freedom

[How to read] Jiyudo

The number of directions in which you can move freely. A single rigid body in three-dimensional space has three degrees of freedom: forward and backward, left and right, and up and down, and six degrees of freedom of rotation about each direction.

frequency

[How to read] Shuuhasu

The number of oscillations repeated in one second.

gravitational unit

[How to read] Juryokutani

A unit that contains a unit of weight (force) instead of a unit of mass as a base unit. The unit of force in the gravitational unit is defined as the gravitational force exerted on a unit mass. do. The SI unit is now common, and the gravitational unit is no longer used.

silence

[How to read] Shoon

To reduce the energy of sound by absorbing or canceling it.

vibration isolation

[How to read] Joshin

To reduce the force (acceleration) transmitted to a device that is affected by external vibration, such as a measuring device or semiconductor device, by supporting it with a soft spring or the like.

Vibration acceleration level

[How to read] Shindo sokudoruberu

It is a quantity that indicates the magnitude of the physical energy of vibration, and the unit is decibel (dB).

Frequency

[Reading] Shindosu

It refers to the number of times the vibration phenomenon is repeated per unit time (usually 1 second). Also called frequency.

vibration transmissibility

[How to read] Shindo Denta Tsutsutsu

This is the ratio of the force transmitted to the foundation through the vibration-isolating material and the excitation force generated by the equipment when the equipment is elastically supported.

amplitude

[How to read] Shinpuku

The distance from the center of vibration to the maximum displacement when an object is vibrating. half the width of the oscillation.

horizontal stiffness

[How to read] Suihei gosei

Horizontal spring constant.

static-dynamic ratio

[Reading] Seidohi

Vulcanized rubber causes a phase shift between force and displacement under dynamic vibration. The force at that time can be decomposed into a component with the same phase as the displacement and a component with a phase difference of 90 degrees. (Maximum value of in-phase component of force)/(Maximum value of displacement) is called dynamic (storage) spring constant, and the ratio of dynamic spring constant to static spring constant is called static-dynamic ratio.
On the other hand, (maximum value of force)/(maximum value of displacement) is sometimes referred to as the absolute spring constant, and the ratio of the absolute spring constant and the static spring constant is sometimes referred to as the static-dynamic ratio.

Laminated structure

[How to read] cough

A structure in which two (multiple) different materials are stacked alternately (in a certain order).

Laminated rubber isolator

[How to read] Cough sogomu aiter

Rubber laminated with thin rubber and steel plates used in seismic isolation buildings. Since it is hard in the vertical direction, it has the function of supporting buildings, and in the horizontal direction, it has the effect of reducing seismic force due to its softness.

shear modulus

[How to read] Sendan seiritsu

The elastic modulus is a physical property value that indicates the resistance to deformation and is expressed as "elastic modulus = stress/strain". Stress is the load per unit cross-sectional area and strain is the elongation per unit length. If the direction of the load is tensile, it is called the tensile modulus, and if the direction of the load is shear, it is called the shear modulus.

noise

[reading] soon

An unpleasant noisy sound perceived by humans. It is designated as a pollution by the Basic Environment Law. Sounds that adversely affect measuring instruments and the like are also sometimes defined as noise.

loss factor

[How to read]

In the above item, (maximum value of 90-degree phase lead component of force)/(maximum value of displacement) is called loss spring constant.
(Loss spring constant)/(storage spring constant) is called a loss coefficient and is expressed by tan δ. It shows how much energy a material absorbs (converts to heat) when deformed, and is measured with a dynamic viscoelasticity measurement device.

Ta line

Earthquake resistance

[How to read] Taishin

It must not break even in an earthquake, or its safety must be ensured with minimal collapse.

elastic body

[Reading] Danseitai

It is an object that deforms in proportion to the magnitude of the applied force and returns to its original shape when the applied force is stopped. It is often used for the purpose of insulating vibration.

transmitted sound

[How to read] Tokaon

When sound hits a wall, it is reflected or absorbed by the wall. The sound that finally passes through the wall is the transmitted sound.

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na line

quadratic shape factor

[How to read] Nijikei Jokeisu

It is defined as a value obtained by dividing the diameter of the laminated rubber by the thickness of the entire rubber layer, and represents the degree of flatness of the laminated rubber. The formula is (diameter of laminated rubber)/(total rubber thickness of laminated rubber).

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Ha line

spring constant

【How to read】Banejosu

This is the force required to deform a vibration-isolating material by a unit length. It is also called "Bane-teisu".

resilience

[How to read] Hanpatsu Dansei

An indicator of the energy absorbed by a material when an object collides with it, and the return of the given energy when a pendulum with a spherical impact end collides with the test piece at a specified impact mass and a specified impact speed. Energy ratio.

hysteresis

[How to read] Hisuterisisu

A phenomenon in which the load-deflection characteristics of anti-vibration rubber take different values in the loading and unloading processes, and energy is consumed in the loading process of one cycle.

distortion

[Reading] Strain

Strain refers to the shape change of materials in materials engineering. Strain that changes vertically is called vertical strain, and strain that occurs in shear is called shear strain. Strain is denoted by the symbol ε. A material is subjected to any kind of load, which creates stress within the material. At this time, the shape of the material changes due to the stress.

feedback

[How to read] Feedback

A control that detects the vibration of a sprung object with a sensor, obtains the error in the target value from the signal sent, and operates the actuator based on that data to bring the controller closer to the target value. .

Bloom (Blooming)

[How to read] bloom

Blooming is a phenomenon in which a chemical compounded in rubber deposits on the surface of the rubber and crystallizes like powder.

Settling

[How to read] Hetari

Compressive deformation progresses when rubber receives a load for a long period of time. Also called creep.

bench endurance test

[How to read] Benchitai Kyushiken

A durability test performed on a bench (desktop) using a testing machine. Antonym for actual machine endurance test.

soundproof

[How to read] Boon

By preventing noise, there are methods such as sound insulation, sound deadening, and sound absorption.

anti-vibration

[How to read] boshin

To prevent transmission of vibration generated from a vibration source to the outside. This is done by supporting a vibrating machine with an elastic material and insulating it from the outside.

Anti-vibration calculation

[How to read] Boshinkei-san

Calculation to confirm whether the natural frequency of the vibration-isolating material satisfies the target value and whether there are any problems with construction or equipment.

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ma line

surface pressure

[How to read] Mentsu

Average stress in the vertical direction obtained by dividing the axial force (vertical load) acting on an isolator such as laminated rubber by the pressure receiving area.

seismic isolation

[How to read] Menshin

A structure that can comprehensively protect a building, internal contents, equipment, piping, etc. by installing soft laminated rubber horizontally between the ground and the building to prevent direct transmission of shaking during an earthquake to the building. .

mode

[How to read] mode

A form of vibration unique to an object.

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Ya line

anti-sway

【How to read】Yuredome

An object that prevents excessive tilting when an external force such as strong wind is applied.

hot dip galvanizing

[How to read] Yoyuen plating

In order to prevent rust and corrosion, a steel material is dipped in molten zinc to create a zinc film on the surface.

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Ra line

Coupling

[Reading] Rensei

A phenomenon in which a force acting in the direction of one degree of freedom causes motion in another degree of freedom.

locking

[Reading] Rocking

One of the vibration modes of a rigid body, a phenomenon in which horizontal vibration and rotational vibration are coupled, causing it to shake like a ship.

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